On This Day

Introduction In the flickering candlelight of Essex House on a cold January evening in 1601, one of England’s most celebrated war heroes was plotting the downfall of his own queen. Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, once the darling of Elizabeth I’s court and her rumoured favourite, had fallen so far from grace that he … Read more

When the Pope Declared War on England’s Queen: The 1570 Papal Bull That Changed Everything On a cold January day in 1570, a document that would reshape the religious landscape of England was secretly distributed throughout the realm. Pope Pius V’s papal bull Regnans in Excelsis didn’t merely criticise Queen Elizabeth I; it declared her … Read more

Introduction Picture this: on a crisp May morning in 1569, crowds gathered at the steps of St Paul’s Cathedral in London, not for worship, but to witness the conclusion of England’s very first state lottery. The great lottery wheel had been turning since January, and now, after nearly four months of anticipation, the final draws … Read more